NBC
News/Wall Street Journal Poll conducted
by the polling organizations of Peter Hart (D) and Bill
McInturff (R). April 21-24, 2006.
N=1,005 adults nationwide. MoE ±
3.1. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"In the community where you live, would you say that
immigration has had a positive effect, a negative effect, or no real effect
at all on [see below]?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Positive
Effect |
Negative
Effect |
No Real
Effect at All |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"The culture and character of the
community" |
|
4/21-24/06 |
33 |
21 |
41 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"The prices of everyday goods and
services" |
|
4/21-24/06 |
23 |
17 |
51 |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"The availability of jobs" |
|
4/21-24/06 |
17 |
28 |
48 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Hospitals and public schools" |
|
4/21-24/06 |
16 |
39 |
37 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"If you had to make a choice, would you favor deporting
immigrants in America who are not legal citizens and do not have work
permits, or would you favor allowing these immigrants to stay in America as
long as they pass a security check, meet certain conditions, and pay taxes?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Deport
Them |
Allow Them
To Stay |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/21-24/06 |
35 |
61 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"I'm going to describe a portion
of a possible new immigration law, which also would include tighter border
security. This law would deal with immigrants who are here illegally in
three ways, depending on how long they have been in the United States. Those
who have been here for more than five years would be allowed to continue to
work here for six years, and then would be allowed to apply for permanent
citizenship. Those who have been here for two to five years would be
required to go to a legal border entry point and register sometime in the
next three years, and would then be able to return to work. Those who have
been here for less than two years would be required to return to their home
country and apply for entry into the United States through the normal legal
channels.
"Thinking about the portion of a possible immigration law I just described,
would you favor or oppose this?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/21-24/06 |
68 |
28 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"If thousands of immigrants in the U.S. do not show up for
work on May 1st in protest of immigration policy,
do you think this will do more to help their cause, do more to hurt their
cause, or have no real effect either way?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Help |
Hurt |
No Effect |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
4/21-24/06 |
17 |
57 |
20 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you favor or oppose building a wall or a fence all
along the border between Mexico and the United States, from Texas to
California?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/21-24/06 |
47 |
48 |
5 |
|
|
|
USA
Today/Gallup
Poll. April 7-9, 2006. N=1,004
adults nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think that illegal immigration to the United States
is out of control, or not?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Out of Control |
Not Out
of Control |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/7-9/06 |
81 |
16 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"How effective do you think each of the following would
be as a way to reduce illegal immigration to the United States: very
effective, somewhat effective, not too effective, or not at all effective?
How about . . . ?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Very
Effective |
Somewhat
Effective |
Not Too
Effective |
Not at All
Effective |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
"Instituting tough penalties for businesses that employ
illegal immigrants" |
|
4/7-9/06 |
52 |
32 |
9 |
5 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Significantly increasing the number of officers patrolling
U.S. borders" |
|
4/7-9/06 |
37 |
44 |
13 |
5 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Not allowing illegal immigrants to use American schools and
hospitals" |
|
4/7-9/06 |
30 |
30 |
20 |
17 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Taking action to raise the standard of living in countries
where large numbers of immigrants come from" |
|
4/7-9/06 |
28 |
39 |
16 |
15 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Building a wall along the border with Mexico" |
|
4/7-9/06 |
18 |
30 |
19 |
30 |
2 |
|
CBS News
Poll.
April 6-9, 2006.
N=899
adults nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you favor or oppose allowing immigrants who are in
the U.S. illegally to apply for work permits which would allow them to stay
and work in the United States?"
N=472 (Form E) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Depends (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
4/6-9/06 |
49 |
43 |
4 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you favor or oppose allowing illegal immigrants who
have done the following to stay and work in the United States: paid a fine,
been in the U.S. for at least five years, paid any back taxes they owe, can
speak English, and have no criminal record?"
N=427 (Form F) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/6-9/06 |
74 |
23 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you favor or oppose building a 700-mile-long security
fence along the U.S.-Mexico border to try to stop illegal immigration?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/6-9/06 |
48 |
48 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think it should or should
not be a criminal offense if a U.S. citizen provides food, shelter, or
medical care to an illegal immigrant?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Should |
Should Not |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/6-9/06 |
27 |
67 |
6 |
|
|
|
FOX News/Opinion Dynamics Poll.
April 4-5, 2006. N=900 registered voters nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"How serious a problem do you believe the illegal
immigration situation is in your community . . . ?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Very
Serious |
Somewhat
Serious |
Not Very
Serious |
Not at All
Serious |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
4/4-5/06 |
23 |
24 |
26 |
24 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"In dealing with the issue of illegal immigrants, do you
think the United States should be more focused on securing the borders and
preventing illegal immigrants from entering the country, or on dealing with
the millions of illegal immigrants who are already in the country?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Secure
Borders |
Deal with
Those Who
Are Here |
Combination
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
35 |
24 |
36 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"I'm going to read a list of
possible concerns some people have expressed over illegal immigration. For
each one, please tell me if you are very concerned, somewhat concerned, not
very concerned or not at all concerned about it. . . ." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Concerned |
Not
Concerned |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
"Overburden government programs and services" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
87 |
11 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Lead to an increase in crime" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
75 |
24 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Lead to an increase in terrorism" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
66 |
32 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Take jobs away from U.S. citizens" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
66 |
34 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Change the culture of the country" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
54 |
44 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Overall, do you think illegal immigrants provide more
benefits to the nation by doing work many U.S. citizens don't
want to do, or do they cost the country more because they don't
pay taxes and use public services like schools and emergency rooms?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Provide
Benefits |
Cost More |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
22 |
65 |
13 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Some people say that illegal immigrants are mainly doing
low-paying jobs that U.S. citizens don't want.
Other people say that illegal immigrants are taking jobs away from U.S.
citizens. Which is closer to how you feel?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Unwanted
Jobs |
Taking
Jobs Away |
Combination/
Depends (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
47 |
34 |
16 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"There have been several proposals regarding how to deal
with the issue of illegal immigration. Please tell me if you favor or oppose
each of the following. . . ." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Depends (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
"Imposing fines and criminal charges against employers who hire
illegal immigrants" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
73 |
19 |
4 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Using the U.S. military to stop illegal immigrants at the
borders" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
55 |
38 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Building a wall or security fence along the U.S.-Mexico border
to stop illegal immigration" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
50 |
43 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Building a wall or security fence along the U.S.-Canada border
to stop illegal immigration" |
|
4/4-5/06 |
36 |
57 |
3 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think it should be a requirement of those applying
to become U.S. citizens that they speak English?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Yes |
No |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
77 |
20 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think most illegal immigrants have a greater
allegiance to their home countries or to the United States?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Home
Countries |
U.S. |
Depends (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
57 |
18 |
11 |
14 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think most illegal immigrants really want to become
citizens or do you think they just want to make money in the United States
and go home?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Become
Citizens |
Make Money |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
33 |
51 |
16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think it is fair or unfair to grant rights to
illegal immigrants while thousands of people wait each year to come to the
United States legally?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Fair |
Unfair |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
12 |
81 |
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Based on what you know, how common is it for people in your
community to hire illegal immigrants to perform jobs such as childcare,
house cleaning or lawn work? Is it very common, somewhat common, not very
common or not at all common?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Common |
Not
Common |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
50 |
38 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Under current law, any child born in the United States is a
citizen of the United States. If an illegal immigrant has a baby while
living in the United States, do you think the child should automatically
become a U.S. citizen or not?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Should |
Should Not |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/4-5/06 |
45 |
49 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Which party do you think would do a better job handling the
issue of immigration: Democrats or Republicans?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Democrats |
Republicans |
Both (vol.) |
Neither (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
4/4-5/06 |
34 |
24 |
6 |
20 |
15 |
|
Time
Poll
conducted by Schulman, Ronca &
Bucuvalas (SRBI) Public Affairs. March 29-30, 2006.
N=1,004 adults nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you approve or disapprove of the job President Bush is
doing in handling the illegal immigration problem?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Approve |
Disapprove |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
25 |
56 |
19 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
24 |
61 |
15 |
|
|
|
11/29 - 12/1/05 |
27 |
57 |
17 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Turning to problems with
illegal immigrants entering the United States --
How serious a problem is illegal immigration into the United States:
extremely serious, very serious, somewhat serious, or not very serious?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Extremely
Serious |
Very
Serious |
Somewhat
Serious |
Not Very
Serious |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
3/29-30/06 |
32 |
36 |
21 |
8 |
2 |
|
1/24-26/06 |
30 |
33 |
26 |
8 |
2 |
|
11/29 - 12/1/05 |
30 |
34 |
28 |
7 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think the U.S. is doing
enough along its borders to keep illegal immigrants from crossing into this
country, doing too much, or not doing enough to keep illegal immigrants from
crossing over into the U.S.?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Enough |
Too Much |
Not Enough |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
10 |
4 |
82 |
4 |
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
14 |
7 |
74 |
5 |
|
|
11/29 - 12/1/05 |
15 |
7 |
74 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think that people who are here illegally are taking
jobs from United States citizens, or are they mostly taking jobs that U.S.
citizens do not want or cannot do?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Taking Jobs |
Taking
Unwanted
Jobs |
Depends
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
35 |
55 |
6 |
4 |
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
36 |
56 |
4 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think that illegals should be allowed to obtain
driver's licenses, or not?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Allowed |
Not Allowed |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
27 |
69 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think that illegals should be allowed to attend
public schools, or not?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Allowed |
Not Allowed |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
46 |
51 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Should illegals be allowed to obtain government services,
such as health care or food stamps?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Allowed |
Not Allowed |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
21 |
75 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Two different approaches have been suggested to deal with
illegal immigrants. Please tell me which comes closest to your views. (1)
Make illegal immigration a crime and not allow anyone who entered the
country illegally to work or stay in the United States under any
circumstances. OR, (2) Allow illegal immigrants to get temporary work visas
so the government can track them and allow them to earn permanent residence
after six years if they learn English, pay a fine, pay any back taxes, and
have no criminal record."
Options rotated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Make Illegal
Immigration
a Crime |
Allow Work
Visas, Earn
Permanent
Residence |
Neither (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
25 |
72 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you be more likely to vote for a candidate who wanted
to make illegal immigration a crime, less likely, or wouldn't
it make much difference to you?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
More Likely |
Less Likely |
Not Much
Difference |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
29 |
28 |
37 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Here are some policies that have
been suggested to deal with illegal immigrants. For each one, please tell me
whether you would favor or oppose it. . . ." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Allowing illegal immigrants already working in the United
States to register as guest workers for a fixed period of time, so the
government could keep track of them" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
79 |
18 |
2 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
73 |
23 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Allowing illegal immigrants now in this country to earn U.S.
citizenship if they learn to speak English, have a job and pay taxes" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
78 |
21 |
1 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
76 |
22 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Granting temporary visas to immigrants not currently in the
United States so that they can do seasonal or temporary work here and then
return to their own countries" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
72 |
26 |
2 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
64 |
33 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Providing major penalties for employers convicted of hiring
illegal immigrants and strongly enforcing it" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
71 |
26 |
3 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
74 |
22 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Stopping illegal immigrants from entering the United States by
taking whatever steps are necessary to guard the border with Mexico, including
using U.S. military forces" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
62 |
35 |
3 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
57 |
39 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Building a security fence along the
2,000-mile U.S.-Mexican border to stop the flow of illegals across that border" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
56 |
40 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Deporting all illegal immigrants back to their home countries" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
47 |
49 |
4 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
50 |
45 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"If there is a guest worker
program, should the illegal immigrants now in the United States be eligible
to register for the program while in the United States without having to
return to their own countries to apply, or should they have to go back to
their own countries to apply?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Register
In the U.S. |
Apply in Own
Countries |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
51 |
45 |
4 |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
50 |
46 |
4 |
|
|
|
11/29 - 12/1/05 |
50 |
45 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"How concerned are you about each of the following issues
concerning illegal immigrants: very concerned, somewhat concerned, not very
concerned, or not concerned at all? . . ." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Very
Concerned |
Somewhat
Concerned |
Not Very
Concerned |
Not at All
Concerned |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"It costs taxpayers too much money to provide them with services
such as health care and education" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
61 |
23 |
7 |
8 |
1 |
|
1/24-26/06 |
62 |
21 |
7 |
8 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"American workers can't afford to work
for the same low wages as the illegal immigrants" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
43 |
30 |
11 |
14 |
3 |
|
1/24-26/06 |
47 |
29 |
12 |
10 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"They increase the likelihood of terrorism in the United States" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
44 |
29 |
14 |
12 |
1 |
|
1/24-26/06 |
47 |
23 |
14 |
14 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"They increase the amount of crime" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
40 |
31 |
14 |
13 |
2 |
|
1/24-26/06 |
42 |
29 |
16 |
11 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"They take jobs away from Americans" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
35 |
26 |
18 |
19 |
1 |
|
1/24-26/06 |
38 |
25 |
21 |
15 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"There are already too many people in the United States" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
33 |
26 |
20 |
20 |
1 |
|
1/24-26/06 |
35 |
25 |
19 |
20 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
"Illegal immigrants weaken our way of
life in this country" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
3/29-30/06 |
29 |
26 |
19 |
24 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"What if the United States deported all illegal immigrants
and toughened security to stop them from entering this country?
Do you think the United States would be better off or worse off?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Better Off |
Worse Off |
No Difference
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
51 |
38 |
4 |
7 |
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
55 |
35 |
4 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Immigrants and immigration
rights advocates have been holding demonstrations in the past few days in
several cities to protest bills in Congress that would make illegal
immigration a crime. Have you seen or heard anything about these
demonstrations?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Yes |
No |
|
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
|
|
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
67 |
33 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do these kinds of demonstrations
make you more likely to favor laws allowing illegal immigrants into this
country, more likely to favor laws that make it a crime for an illegal
immigrant to enter or work here, or don't they have much effect on you?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
More Likely
To Allow |
More Likely
To Make
It a Crime |
Don't Have
Much Effect |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
3/29-30/06 |
12 |
35 |
49 |
3 |
|
|
Associated Press-Ipsos poll conducted by
Ipsos-Public Affairs. March 28-30,
2006. N=1,003 adults
nationwide. MoE ± 3.1. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you favor or oppose allowing immigrants with jobs who are
in the United States illegally to apply for legal, temporary worker status?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/28-30/06 |
56 |
41 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"On balance, do you think illegal immigrants mostly make a
contribution to American society, or are they mostly a drain on American
society?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Make a
Contribution |
A
Drain |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/28-30/06 |
51 |
42 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Which comes closest to your view? Illegal immigrants take jobs
that Americans don't want. Illegal immigrants take
away jobs that are wanted by Americans." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Take Jobs
Americans
Don't Want |
Take
Jobs
Wanted by
Americans |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/28-30/06 |
65 |
29 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think it should be a serious criminal offense to enter
and remain in the United States without proper documentation or should it be
considered a minor offense?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Serious |
Minor |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/28-30/06 |
47 |
51 |
2 |
|
|
|
NBC
News/Wall Street Journal Poll conducted
by the polling organizations of Peter Hart (D) and Bill
McInturff (R). March 10-13, 2006.
N=approx. 500 adults nationwide. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"I'm
going to read you several characteristics of a possible candidate for
Congress. For each one I mention, please tell me whether you would be more
likely or less likely to vote for a candidate for Congress with that
characteristic, or whether it would make no difference in your vote either
way. A candidate who favors tighter controls on illegal immigration." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
More Likely |
Less
Likely |
No
Difference |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
3/10-13/06 |
71 |
11 |
15 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"In addition to improving security at
our borders, Congress is considering a proposal that would impose a monetary
fine on foreigners who are currently in the United States illegally and then
grant them legal, temporary-worker status. Which of the following statements
do you agree with more?
"Statement A: We
SHOULD grant temporary-worker status to foreigners who are here illegally.
Most of them will stay in the United States anyway, and this plan would
allow the government to keep track of them and their activities and require
them to pay taxes while they are here.
"Statement
B: We should NOT grant temporary-worker status to foreigners who
are here illegally, as this would make them and their families eligible for
government services while they are here. We should not reward people who
have broken the law, and this will encourage even more people to enter the
United States illegally." |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Should
Grant |
Should Not
Grant |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
3/10-13/06 |
39 |
56 |
5 |
|
|
|
Quinnipiac University poll.
Feb. 21-28, 2006. N=1,892
registered voters nationwide. MoE ±
2.3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"As you may know, immigrants to the United States can be
here legally -- that is, they have been legally admitted to the country and
are allowed to live and work here; or they can be here illegally. Such
immigrants are sometimes called 'undocumented'
because they do not have papers allowing them to live and work here. Should
legal immigration into the United States be kept at its present level,
increased, or decreased?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Present
Level |
Increased |
Decreased |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
2/21-28/06 |
33 |
24 |
39 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you support or oppose making it easier for illegal
immigrants to become citizens?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Support |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
2/21-28/06 |
32 |
62 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you support or oppose making it easier for illegal
immigrants to become legal workers?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Support |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
2/21-28/06 |
41 |
54 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you support or oppose allowing illegal immigrants to get
drivers' licenses?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Support |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
2/21-28/06 |
25 |
72 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you support or oppose requiring proof of legal residency
in order to obtain government benefits?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Support |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
2/21-28/06 |
84 |
14 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you support or oppose eliminating the automatic American
citizenship for illegal immigrants' children who
are born in the United States?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Support |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
2/21-28/06 |
42 |
50 |
7 |
|
|
|
Time Poll
conducted by Schulman, Ronca &
Bucuvalas (SRBI) Public Affairs. Jan. 24-26, 2006.
N=1,002 adults nationwide. MoE
± 3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think that illegal immigrants who are day laborers
should be allowed to gather in public places, waiting to be picked up by
employers?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Yes |
No |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
43 |
50 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think communities should set up officially
sanctioned day labor pick-up sites where workers, whether illegal immigrants
or not, could gather and wait for work?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Yes |
No |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
1/24-26/06 |
58 |
36 |
6 |
|
|
|
Pew
Research Center survey conducted by Princeton Survey
Research Associates International.
Jan. 4-8, 2006. N=1,503 adults nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you favor or oppose a policy allowing immigrants to
enter the U.S. legally and work here for a limited period of time, but then
they would have to go home?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
1/4-8/06 |
47 |
46 |
7 |
|
|
|
3/05 |
50 |
44 |
6 |
|
|
|
CNN/USA
Today/Gallup Poll.
Dec. 9-11,
2005.
Nationwide. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you approve or disapprove of the way George W.
Bush is handling immigration?"
N=503, MoE ± 5
(Form
A) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Approve |
Disapprove |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
12/9-11/05 |
28 |
64 |
8 |
|
|
|
11/11-13/05 |
26 |
65 |
9 |
|
|
|
1/7-9/05 |
34 |
54 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you approve or disapprove of the way George W.
Bush is handling controlling illegal immigration?"
N=500, MoE ± 5 (Form
B) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Approve |
Disapprove |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
12/9-11/05 |
26 |
65 |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"How important is it to you that the president and
Congress deal with each of the following issues in the next year? Is it
extremely important, very important, moderately important, or not that
important? How about [see below]?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Extremely
Important |
Very
Important |
Moderately
Important |
Not That
Important |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
Immigration
N=503, MoE ± 5 (Form
A) |
|
12/9-11/05 |
27 |
30 |
37 |
5 |
1 |
|
12/17-19/04 |
27 |
38 |
26 |
8 |
1 |
|
1/11-14/02 |
30 |
33 |
29 |
7 |
1 |
|
1/10-14/01 |
17 |
29 |
39 |
12 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
Controlling illegal immigration
N=500, MoE ± 5 (Form
B) |
|
12/9-11/05 |
31 |
31 |
32 |
5 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"What should be the main focus of the U.S.
government in dealing with the issue of illegal immigration? Developing a
plan that would allow illegal immigrants who have jobs to become legal U.S.
residents. OR, Developing a plan for stopping the flow of illegal immigrants
into the U.S. and for deporting those already here."
Options rotated.
N=500, MoE ± 5
(Form
B). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Legal U.S.
Residents |
Stop Flow/
Deport |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
12/9-11/05 |
41 |
56 |
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think legal immigrants mostly help the
economy by providing low cost labor, or mostly hurt the economy by driving
wages down for many Americans?"
Options rotated.
N=503, MoE ± 5
(Form
A). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Mostly Help |
Mostly Hurt |
Neither (vol.) |
Both (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
12/9-11/05 |
42 |
52 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think illegal immigrants mostly help the
economy by providing low cost labor, or mostly hurt the economy by driving
wages down for many Americans?"
Options
rotated. N=500, MoE ± 5 (Form
B). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Mostly Help |
Mostly Hurt |
Neither (vol.) |
Both (vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
12/9-11/05 |
32 |
60 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
|
Time Poll
conducted by Schulman, Ronca &
Bucuvalas (SRBI) Public Affairs. Nov. 29-Dec. 1, 2005.
N=1,004 adults nationwide. MoE
± 3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Overall, do you think illegal
immigrants hurt or help the U.S. economy?"
Options rotated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Hurt |
Help |
Depends
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
11/29 - 12/1/05 |
64 |
26 |
5 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you favor or oppose a
program that would allow illegal immigrants who have jobs in the United
States to live and work legally in the United States for a fixed period of
time if they registered with the government as temporary guest workers so
the U.S. government could keep track of them?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
11/29 - 12/1/05 |
72 |
24 |
4 |
|
|
|
FOX News/Opinion Dynamics Poll.
Oct. 11-12, 2005. N=900 registered voters nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
. |
"Do
you think the federal government is doing enough to secure the country's
borders?" |
. |
|
|
Yes |
No |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
10/11-12/05 |
16 |
78 |
6 |
|
|
|
1/14-15/03 |
30 |
62 |
8 |
|
|
|
4/16-17/02 |
27 |
60 |
13 |
|
|
|
11/14-15/01 |
31 |
54 |
15 |
|
|
. |
"Do
you favor or oppose a proposal to build a 2,000-mile-long security fence
along the U.S.-Mexico border to stop illegal immigration?" |
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
10/11-12/05 |
51 |
37 |
12 |
|
|
. |
"Which
of the following do you think would be more effective at preventing illegal
immigration along the U.S.-Mexico border: a
2,000-mile-long
security fence, or thousands of additional border
patrol agents?"
Options rotated |
. |
|
|
Fence |
Agents |
Same
(vol.) |
Neither
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
10/11-12/05 |
23 |
38 |
11 |
18 |
10 |
|
CBS News
Poll. Oct. 3-5, 2005.
N=808 adults nationwide. MoE ±
4. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do
you think the immigrants coming to this country today take jobs away from
American citizens, or do they mostly take jobs Americans don't want?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Take Jobs
Away |
Take
Unwanted
Jobs |
Both
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
ALL adults |
31 |
58 |
7 |
4 |
|
|
Republicans |
31 |
59 |
7 |
3 |
|
|
Democrats |
37 |
56 |
4 |
3 |
|
|
Independents |
27 |
60 |
9 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
Trend: |
|
7/29 - 8/2/05 |
33 |
52 |
10 |
5 |
|
|
1/04 |
39 |
53 |
4 |
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Generally,
do today's immigrants work harder than people born here, not as hard, or
isn't there much difference?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Harder |
Not As
Hard |
Not Much
Difference |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
ALL adults |
46 |
6 |
43 |
5 |
|
|
Republicans |
46 |
5 |
43 |
6 |
|
|
Democrats |
43 |
7 |
46 |
4 |
|
|
Independents |
49 |
6 |
40 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
Trend: |
|
1/04 |
46 |
6 |
39 |
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Recently,
citizen volunteers known as 'minutemen' have been patrolling some borders to
keep out illegal immigrants. Should citizen volunteers be allowed to patrol
the borders, or should patrolling the borders be left to government law
enforcement?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Allowed |
Left To
Gov't |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
ALL adults |
31 |
65 |
4 |
|
|
|
Republicans |
50 |
48 |
2 |
|
|
|
Democrats |
16 |
82 |
2 |
|
|
|
Independents |
33 |
61 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do
you think the U.S. is doing enough along its borders to keep illegal
immigrants from crossing into this country, doing too much, or not doing
enough to keep illegal immigrants from crossing over into the U.S.?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Doing
Enough |
Doing
Too Much |
Not Doing
Enough |
Unsure |
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
|
ALL adults |
15 |
4 |
75 |
6 |
|
|
Republicans |
9 |
1 |
87 |
3 |
|
|
Democrats |
19 |
2 |
72 |
7 |
|
|
Independents |
16 |
7 |
70 |
7 |
|
|
CBS News
Poll. July 29-Aug. 2, 2005.
N=1,222 adults nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Should
immigrants who are in the
U.S. illegally
be allowed to apply for work permits which would allow them to stay and work
in the United States, or shouldn't they be allowed to do that?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Allowed |
Not
allowed |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
ALL adults |
32 |
63 |
5 |
|
|
|
Republicans |
27 |
68 |
5 |
|
|
|
Democrats |
37 |
59 |
4 |
|
|
|
Independents |
32 |
63 |
5 |
|
|
|
Gallup Poll.
June 6-25, 2005. N=2,264 adults nationwide,
including oversamples of Blacks and Hispanics weighted to reflect their
proportions in the general population. MoE
± 5. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Which comes closer to your point of view?
Immigrants in the long-run become productive
citizens and pay their fair share of taxes. OR,
Immigrants cost the taxpayers too much by using government services
like public education and medical services."
Options rotated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Pay fair
share |
Cost too
much |
Neither/
Both (vol.)/
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
6/6-25/05 |
49 |
44 |
7 |
|
|
|
9/00 |
48 |
40 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think immigrants mostly help the economy
by providing low-cost labor, or mostly hurt the
economy by driving wages down for many Americans?"
Options rotated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Mostly
help |
Mostly
hurt |
Neither
(vol.) |
Both
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
6/6-25/05 |
42 |
49 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
|
1/04 |
30 |
65 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
9/00 |
44 |
40 |
7 |
3 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think the United States should or should
not make it easier for illegal immigrants to become citizens of the United
States?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Should |
Should
not |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
6/6-25/05 |
28 |
70 |
2 |
|
|
|
1/04 |
23 |
74 |
3 |
|
|
|
8/01 |
28 |
67 |
5 |
|
|
|
NBC
News/Wall Street Journal Poll conducted
by the polling organizations of Peter Hart (D) and Bill
McInturff (R). May 12-16, 2005.
N=1,005 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3.1. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"There are some groups of
private citizens who believe that the federal government does not have the
ability to patrol the borders of the United States by itself. These groups
conduct their own armed patrols of the U.S. border separate and independent
from the government's patrols. Do you favor or
oppose private citizens conducting independent patrols of the United States'
borders?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
5/12-16/05 |
40 |
54 |
6 |
|
|
|
FOX News/Opinion Dynamics Poll.
April 25-26, 2005. N=900 registered voters nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"How
serious a problem do you believe the illegal or undocumented immigration
situation is in the United States today? Do you see it as a very serious
problem, somewhat serious, not very serious or not at all a serious problem?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Very
Serious |
Somewhat
Serious |
Not Very
Serious |
Not At All
Serious |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
4/25-26/05 |
63 |
28 |
5 |
2 |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
Asked of those who answered "very serious" or
"somewhat serious" (N=820):
"Is the
reason you see illegal immigration as a problem based more on concerns about
jobs and the economy or based more on concerns about terrorism and homeland
security?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Jobs and
Economy |
Terrorism
and Security |
Both (vol.) |
Neither
(vol.) |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
4/25-26/05 |
31 |
31 |
32 |
5 |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do
you favor or oppose using the U.S. military to stop illegal immigrants at
the borders?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/25-26/05 |
67 |
24 |
9 |
|
|
|
6/02 |
79 |
15 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do
you favor or oppose allowing illegal or undocumented immigrants who have
jobs in the United States to apply for legal, temporary-worker status?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/25-26/05 |
62 |
31 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do
you favor or oppose eliminating all forms of public assistance, including
education and health benefits, to all illegal or undocumented immigrants and
their children?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
4/25-26/05 |
43 |
45 |
12 |
|
|
|
NBC
News/Wall Street Journal Poll conducted
by the polling organizations of Peter Hart (D) and Bill
McInturff (R). March 31-April 3, 2005.
N=1,002 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3.1. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"How important to you is the
issue of immigration: extremely important, quite important, somewhat
important, or not that important?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Extremely |
Quite |
Somewhat |
Not That |
Unsure |
|
|
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
|
3/31 - 4/3/05 |
36 |
23 |
30 |
10 |
1 |
|
Gallup
Poll. Feb. 9-12, 2004.
N=1,002 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"As you may know, President Bush has proposed a
plan that would allow some illegal immigrants currently in the U.S. to
legally stay in this country for several years as long as they hold jobs
that no U.S. citizen wanted to do. The plan would require these immigrant
workers to return to their countries after their time under this program had
expired. Do you favor or oppose this plan?" |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
Favor |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
2/9-12/04 |
46 |
51 |
3 |
|
|
|
1/9-11/04 |
42 |
55 |
3 |
|
|
|
ABC
News Poll. Jan. 7-11, 2004. N=1,142 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you support or
oppose a program in which illegal immigrants from Mexico would be allowed to live and work
legally in the United States?" |
|
|
Support |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
1/04 |
41 |
52 |
8 |
|
|
|
8/01 |
43 |
49 |
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Would you support or
oppose a program in which illegal immigrants from countries other than Mexico would be
allowed to live and work legally in the United States?" |
|
|
Support |
Oppose |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
1/04 |
37 |
57 |
7 |
|
|
|
8/01 |
38 |
56 |
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"If this program is created, do
you think immigrants who apply for it should be allowed to live and work
legally in the United States for a limited period of time, say six years; or
for an unlimited period of time?"
Options rotated |
|
|
Limited |
Unlimited |
Unsure |
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
% |
|
|
|
1/04 |
67 |
25 |
8 |
|
|
|
CBS News/New
York Times Poll. Dec. 7-10, 2001. N=1,052 adults nationwide. MoE ±
3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think most of
the people who have moved to the United States in the last few years are here legally, or
are most of them here illegally?" |
|
|
12/01 |
6/93 |
|
|
|
|
|
% |
% |
|
|
|
|
Legally |
29 |
17 |
|
|
|
|
Illegally |
53 |
68 |
|
|
|
|
Half and half (vol.) |
3 |
5 |
|
|
|
|
Don't know |
15 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
CBS News/New
York Times Poll. Sept. 13-14, 2001. N=959 adults nationwide. MoE ± 3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
"Do you think the United
States has made it too easy for people from other countries to enter the U.S., or
not?" |
|
|
% |
|
|
|
|
|
Made it too easy |
80 |
|
|
|
|
|
Has not |
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
Don't know |
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|